Living with children diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder: parental and professional views     

Karola Dillenburger  Mickey Keenan  Alvin Doherty  Tony Byrne  Stephen Gallagher 《British Journal of Special Education》2010,37(1):13-23

The number of children diagnosed with an autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is rising and is now thought to be as high as 1:100. While the debate about best treatment continues, the effects of having a child diagnosed with ASD on family life remain relatively unexplored. This article, by Karola Dillenburger of Queens University Belfast, Mickey Keenan of the University of Ulster, Alvin Doherty from the Health Service Executive Western Region, Tony Byrne of Parents' Education as Autism Therapists (PEAT) and Stephen Gallagher of the University of Ulster, sets out to adjust that balance. Drawing upon data from a comprehensive study of parental needs, these authors argue that parental and professional views do not always concur; that families make extraordinary sacrifices; that siblings are affected; and that parents are under tremendous stress. Parents argue that educational and social service supports are not efficient and that they are forced to rely largely on support from within the family or from friends. In particular, some important differences between parental and professional perceptions became apparent in relation to interventions based on Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA). The authors of this article propose that these differences need to be taken seriously by teachers and other professionals as well as by policy-makers.  相似文献   

Within- and Between-Day Repeatability and Variability in Children's Physiological Responses During Submaximal Treadmill Exercise     

Paulo R. S. Amorim  Nuala Mary Byrne  Andrew P. Hills 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):575-582

The purpose of this study was to verify within- and between-day repeatability and variability in children's oxygen uptake (VO₂), gross economy (GE; VO₂ divided by speed) and heart rate (HR) during treadmill walking based on self-selected speed (SS). Fourteen children (10.1 ± 1.4 years) undertook three testing sessions over 2 days in which four walking speeds, including SS were tested. Within- and between-day repeatability were assessed using the Bland and Altman method, and coefficients of variability (CV) were determined for each child across exercise bouts and averaged to obtain a mean group CV value for VO₂, GE, and HR per speed. Repeated measures analysis of variance showed no statistically significant differences in within- or between-day CV for VO₂, GE, or HR at any speed. Repeatability within- and between-day for VO₂, GE, and HR for all speeds was verified. These results suggest that submaximal VO₂ during treadmill walking is stable and reproducible at a range of speeds based on children's SS.  相似文献   

The Feminization of Sports Fandom: A Sociological Study,by Stacey Pope     

Helena Byrne 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(11):1214-1215

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What factors influence the decisions of parents of children with special educational needs when choosing a secondary educational provision for their child at change of phase from primary to secondary education? A review of the literature     

Andrew Byrne 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2013,13(2):129-141

This review presents the results of a literature scoping exercise looking at the decisions parents of children with special educational needs (SEN) make when choosing a secondary placement to send their child at change of phase. The review reports on studies that were conducted in England and other areas of the UK as well as in Australia and the USA because there has been only a limited amount of research into this area conducted in an English context. In addition, some of the papers do not discuss school choice specifically but cover related themes. The study identifies a number of broad factors that impact on parents' decision‐making: the age of the child, the nature and degree of the SEN; the socio‐economic status of the parents; the child's experience of inclusion in the primary phase; the secondary schools philosophy, capacity and perceived commitment to SEN; beliefs about teacher's skills, knowledge, capacity and attitudes; and the influence of other people, for example family, friends and professionals.  相似文献   

Information Technology and Armenian Schooling: a possibility for change     

John Jessel  Graham Byrne Hill 《Technology, Pedagogy and Education》2013,22(2):173-188

ABSTRACT

Following a major earthquake in Leninakan, Armenia, in 1988 the British government built a school for 400 pupils aged between 6 and 16 years. We report on some of the pedagogical, staff development, and management issues arising from the introduction and use of information technology facilities within that school. In particular, we argue for moving away from the more technical focus for information technology that prevails in the curriculum inherited from the former Soviet system. Strategies for further developments are then considered.  相似文献   

Patterns of individual change in a parenting program for child maltreatment and their relation to family and professional environments     

S. Byrne  M.J. RodrigoM.L. Máiquez 《Child abuse & neglect》2014

In the area of child maltreatment prevention, little is known about the typology of changes that individuals undergo in response to parent-training interventions. In this study, we examined the patterns of change observed in parents immediately after their completion of the Apoyo Personal y Familiar (APF, Personal and Family Support) parenting program. We identified five clusters and classified 496 parents according to two criteria: (a) the amount of pre-post changes (total or partial) as reflected in their self-reports on implicit theories, parental agency and childrearing practices, and (b) the positive, negative or mixed character of these changes. The study also included a follow-up of a subset of 95 participants intended to examine the extent to which the patterns of change identified in the first part of the study might predict the quality of the childrearing environment at home and the successful integration of the APF program into social services structures one year on. In this follow-up study, external evaluators observed families’ home environments and collected the parenting program facilitators’ self-reports on changes to their work environment. The evaluators found higher-quality childrearing environments and more positive appraisals of the changes to the teams’ work with families in those cases where participants had experienced partial or total positive changes as a result of the APF. This approach offers insights into processes of individual change that have practical implications for the successful implementation of parenting programs in child maltreatment prevention services.  相似文献   

Books of the Month: The Future     

Wilson P. Didara Jr.  Robert W Haigh  George Gerbner  Richard Byrne  Frederick Williams 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(2):15-16

Wilson P. Didara, Jr. THE COMING INFORMATION AGE: AN OVERVIEW OF TECHNOLOGY, ECONOMICS AND POLITICS (New York: Longman, 1982— 324.95).

Robert W Haigh, George Gerbner, and Richard Byrne, ads. COMMUNICATIONS IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY (Yew York: Wiley- Iaterscience, 081—S19.95).

Frederick Williams. THE COMMUNICATIONS REVOLUTION (Beverly Hills, Ca.: Sage Publications, 1982-325.00/ 12.30).  相似文献   

A positive approach to discipline: An assessment     

Joe O'Hara  Stephen Byrne 《Irish Educational Studies》2013,32(1):68-81

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Strategies in testing for an invariant second‐order factor structure: A comparison of EQS and LISREL     

Barbara M. Byrne 《Structural equation modeling》2013,20(1):53-72

Working from a common data base and hypothesized model, this article demonstrates and compares the EQS and LISREL strategies in the analysis of a second‐order factor model. Program similarities and differences are noted with respect to (a) preliminary analyses of the data, (b) treatment of data that are not multivariately normal, (c) assessment of overall model fit, (d) identification of parameter misspecification, (e) post hoc model‐fitting, and (f) tests for multi‐group invariance. Data comprise scores on the Beck Depression Inventory for 658 (boys, n = 337; girls, n = 321) nonclinical adolescents. Issues addressed should be of substantial interest to those unfamiliar with the two programs and/or the methodological procedures presented.  相似文献   

Investigating the Double-Deficit Hypothesis in More and Less Transparent Orthographies: A Longitudinal Study from Preschool to Grade 2     

Bjarte Furnes  Åsa Elwér  Stefan Samuelsson  Richard K. Olson  Brian Byrne 《Scientific Studies of Reading》2013,17(6):478-493

ABSTRACT

We investigated the double-deficit hypothesis (DDH) in samples of U.S. (N = 489), Australian (N = 264), and Scandinavian (N = 293) children followed from preschool to grade 2. Children were assigned to double deficit, single deficit and no deficit subtypes in preschool, kindergarten, and grade 1 and compared on reading and spelling in grades 1 and 2. In most analyses, the double deficit subtype scored significantly lower in reading and spelling than the single deficits, a pattern of findings that was identical across samples. Moreover, across countries, RAN deficits showed a stronger effect on reading whereas PA deficits showed stronger effects on spelling. Overall, the results supported the basic premises of the DDH suggesting that the double deficit subtype represents the most impaired readers, and that RAN and PA are separable deficits with different effects on reading and spelling. The results also supported a universal view of literacy development, with similar predictive patterns of DDH subtypes across orthographies.  相似文献